初中生家庭教养方式与人格的相关性

目的:比较我国初中生不同的家庭教养方式和人格在城乡之间的差异,掌握初中生父母不同家庭教养方式与人格之间的相关程度。方法:采用父母教养方式评价量表、艾森克人格问卷(少年版)对沧州市及潍坊市307名初中生进行问卷调查。结果:1城市与农村户口的初中生在父亲过度干涉上差异有统计学意义,城市得分高于农村(t=1.983,P0.05);2城市和农村户口的初中生在内外向维度上差异有统计学意义,城市得分高于农村(t=2.071,P0.05);3在精神质维度上,与父、母的情感温暖与理解呈负相关(r=-0.235,-0.256;P0.01),与父、母的惩罚、严厉,过度干涉,拒绝、否认,过度保护呈正相关(r=0.354,0.192,0.369,0.215;0.361,0.234,0.347;P0.01),在内外向维度上,与父、母的情感温暖与理解(r=0.121,0.129;P0.05),父亲的过度干涉呈正相关(r=0.129,P0.05),在神经质维度上,与父、母的拒绝、否认及惩罚、严厉,过度保护呈正相关(r=0.195,0.171,0.174;0.262,0.247,0.264;P0.01),与父亲的过分干涉呈正相关(r=0.122,P0.05),在掩饰性上,与父、母的情感温暖、理解呈正相关(r=0.221,0.231;P0.01),与父、母的惩罚、严厉,拒绝、否认呈负相关(r=-0.170,-0.216;-0.224,-0.262;P0.01)。结论:1城市父亲较农村父亲过度干涉孩子较多;2城市孩子较农村孩子人格外向,渴望刺激和冒险,情感易于冲动;3积极的家庭教养方式容易形成稳定、外向、坦诚的人格特征,消极的家庭教养方式则易形成不稳定、内向、虚伪的人格特征。

The Relationship between Junior School Students'Parenting Styles and Personality

Objective:To compare urban and rural junior school students'parenting styles and personality traits and their relationship .Methods :A total of 307 junior school students in Cang zhou and Weifang were investigated by Eg-ma Minnen av Bardndosnaupp forstran(EMBU)and Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ)(youth) .Results:①Ur-ban and rural junior school students had significant difference in his father's excessive interference ,and the former scored higher than the latter(r=1 9.83 ,P<0 0.5);②Urban and rural junior school students had significant difference in extraversion and the former scored higher than the latter (r=2 0.71 ,P<0 0.5);③Negative relationship was found between psychoticism and fathers and mothers'warm (r=-0 2.35 ,-0 2.56;P<0 0.1) ,positive relationship was found between psychoticism and fathers and mothers'severe punishment ,over-interference ,refusal and denying attitude , over-protection(r=0 3.54 ,0 1.92 ,0 3.69 ,0 2.15;0 3.61 ,0 2.34 ,0 3.47;P<0 0.1);Positive relationship was found be-tween extraversion and fathers and mothers'warm(r=0 1.21 ,0 1.29;P<0 0.5) ,and fathers'over -interference(r=0 1.29 ,P<0 0.5);Positive relationship was found between neuroticism and fathers'and mothers'refusal and denying attitude ,severe punishment ,over-protection(r=0 1.95 ,0 1.71 ,0 1.74 ;0 2.47 ,0 2.62 ,0 2.64 ;P<0 0.1) ,and fathers'o-ver -interference(r=0 1.22 ,P<0 0.5);Positive relationship was found between dissimulation and fathers and moth-ers'warm(r=0 2.21 ,0 2.31 ;P<0 0.1) ,negative relationship was found between dissimulation and fathers and moth-ers'severe punishment ,refusal and denying attitude(r=-0 1.70 ,-0 2.16 ;-0 2.24 ,-0 2.62;P<0 0.1) .Conclusion:①Urban fathers are more excessive interference in children than rural fathers ;②Urban children are more outgoing ,desired for excitement and adventure and emotional than rural children ;③Positive parenting styles are easier to form a stable , outgoing ,straight-out personality traits ,negative parenting styles are easy to form a unstable ,introverted and false personality traits .