深圳市二次供水污染诺如病毒引起感染性腹泻的流行病学调查

目的:调查分析深圳市某小区一起二次供水污染诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻的流行病学特征,为制定预防与控制策略提供科学依据。方法:确定病例定义和暴发区域,采用现场流行病学调查方法了解病例发生情况和可能存在的传播因素;采用平皿倾注、多管发酵、RT-PCR等方法对人体排泄物和水样进行检测,确定传染源和致病因素。结果:本次疫情从2011年12月7日发现首例病例开始,临床诊断病例109人,确诊病例16人,到12月16日所有水样检测诺如病毒阴性结束,其中12月8日至9日是发病高峰期。结论:本次事件是地下水池被诺如病毒污染,居民饮用污染水而导致的感染性腹泻爆发疫情,停止饮用污染水,并对其采取措施,疫情得到了控制。

An Epidemiological Survey of an Infectious Diarrhea Caused by Norovirus-contaminated Secondary Water Supply in a Residential Area of Shenzhen

Objective:The purpose of the present study was to invest and analyse the characteristics of an infectious diarrhea caused by norovirus in a residential area of Shenzhen,and to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling norovirus infection.Methods:Firstly,to determine the definition of cases and the outbreak area.Secondly,field epidemiological methods are used to investigate and understand transmitted factors.Finally,pour plate methods,multiple-tube fermentation technique and RT-PCR are used to test the sample from cases and water.Results:There were 109 clinically diagnosed cases and 16 confirmed cases from December 7th to 9th,and the peak was December 8th and 9th.Conclusion:It was an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus with the contaminated water to be the leading factor contributing to the transmitting.Stop drinking the polluted water,and take good measures,the epidemic situation has gotten control.