2010年河南省苯丙胺类物质滥用者特征描述及防治对策

目的:了解河南省2010年监测报告中苯丙胺类物质滥用的流行病学特征,为加强特殊药品管理以及本地区政府相关部门制定防治措施提供依据。方法:采用国家药物滥用监测中心编制的《药物滥用监测调查表》,对2010年本地区戒毒机构的收戒人员进行问卷调查,将苯丙胺类物质滥用情况作为本文研究对象。结果:共调查苯丙胺类物质滥用者219例,其中男性134例(占61.2%),女性85例(占38.8%);在滥用的苯丙胺类物质中,冰毒滥用者最多,185例(占84.5%),其中男性占59.5%;年龄在35 a以下占78.5%;初中以下文化程度占74.0%;从业情况:无业人员占72.1%;婚姻状况:未婚占68.5%。主要滥用原因是满足好奇;毒品主要来源是同伴提供;滥用方式以烫吸(踏食)为主;冰毒和麻谷丸的滥用场所以居家住所和暂住地/租住地为主,摇头丸以夜总会/KTV歌厅为主。结论:河南省监测到的苯丙胺类滥用物质以冰毒为主,年轻男性、初中以下文化程度及未婚者是滥用的主体。建议针对滥用者的人口学特征和滥用的流行病学特征,进行苯丙胺类物质滥用的预防与干预。

DESCRIPTION OF AND COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST AMPHETAMINE-TYPE STIMULANTS ABUSE IN HENAN PROVINCE 2010

Objective: To understand the status of amphetamine-type stimulants(ATS) abuse and behavioral characteristics of ATS abusers by analyzing the monitoring report on drug abuse in Henan Province in 2010 and provide scientific information for strengthening special drug administration and establishing countermeasures against ATS abuse.Methods:A survey was conducted among drug abusers recruited by Henan local detoxification institutions in 2010 with the questionnaire designed by National Drug Surveillance Center and the data of ATS were analyzed.Results:Altogether,219 ATS cases were detected including 134 male(accounting for 61.2%)and 85 female(38.8%);Methamphetamine was the main drug abused,accountiong for 84.5%(185 cases),and among them,the majority was male(59.5%) aged 35 a or lower(78.5%),junior high school or lower(74.0%),no job(72.1%) and single(68.5%).Curiosity was the main reason for ATS abuse.Drugs were mainly obtained from friends or peers.Smoking was the common route of drug abuse.The main place for using methamphetamine and MaGu pill was place of residence /lease,or hotel,and for "Ecstasy" use usually took place at night club/KTV.Conclusion:In Henan,the main ATS abused is methamphetamine.Young male,unmarried,with lower education level are the main body of ATS abuse.Appropriate prevention and intervention strategy should be conducted accordingly.