儿童精神分裂症患者依恋特征及相关因素

目的:探讨儿童精神分裂症患者的依恋特征及相关因素。方法:71例南京脑科医院儿童门诊或病房儿童精神分裂症患者为病例组,普通中小学正常儿童及青少年128名为对照组。用亲密关系经历量表、青少年依恋问卷、家庭环境量表中文版和父母养育方式量表对儿童及其父母实施调查。结果:①病例组家庭依恋的依赖性分数(11.96±2.33)显著高于对照组(11.10±2.70);家庭依恋的焦虑性分数(9.28±2.72)非常显著高于对照组(8.48±2.54);朋友依恋的亲和性分数(14.75±3.49)非常显著低于对照组(15.83±2.80);朋友依恋的消极性分数(8.85±3.05)显著高于对照组(7.34±2.56)。②Logistic回归分析表明,家庭依恋的依赖性,朋友依恋的消极性、父亲的焦虑、家庭环境的控制性,父亲偏爱被试、父亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉为儿童精神分裂症的危险因素;家庭环境的亲密度是保护因素。结论:儿童精神分裂症患者依恋特征与正常人有差异,可能与家庭环境和父母养育方式有关。

Attachment of Children with Childhood Schizophrenia and Related Factors

Objective: To explore the features of attachment in patients with childhood schizophrenia and the related factors.Methods: Seventy-one patients with childhood schizophrenia from Nanjing Brain Hospital,128 normal controls and their parents were assessed using Experiences in Close Relationships(ECR),the Chinese Adolescent Attachment Inventory,the Chinese Version of Family Environment Scale(EFS-CV),Attachment Security Scale and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU).Results: Schizophrenic testees had higher scores on family dependence,family anxiety,friend negativity and lower scores on friend proximity than the normal controls(11.96±2.33 vs 11.10±2.70;9.28±2.72 vs 8.48±2.54;8.85±3.05 vs 7.34±2.56;14.75±3.49 vs 15.83±2.80).Logistic regression analysis indicated that family dependence,friend negativity,father’s anxiety,controlling of family environment,preference or refusal of father and severe punishment of mother were risk factors and family intimacy was a protective factor for childhood schizophrenia.Conclusion: The attachment features of childhood schizophrenia may be different from those of normal ones,which may be associated with family environment and parents rearing styles.