我国的吸烟模式和烟草使用的疾病负担研究

目的：研究我国烟草的流行和发展趋势以及烟草使用的疾病负担。方法：分析我国吸烟的相关流行病学调查及卫生统计数据，检索烟草致病方面的文献，对我国居民的整体及特定人群吸烟现状进行汇总分析，并计算和分析吸烟相关疾病造成的疾病负担状况、结果：过去20年我国的总体吸烟率略有下降。但青少年的平均吸烟年龄提前．吸烟率显著上升；据2005年数据显示，吸烟导致140万人死亡，直接经济损失为1665．60亿元人民币．间接经济损失为861．11亿～1205．01亿元人民币，总经济损失近3000亿元人民币，约占当年国民生产总值的1．5％。结论：我国的烟草使用形势依然严峻．给我国社会和经济发展带来较大压力。

The Smoking Pattern and Disease Burden of Tobacco Use in China

Objective to explore the smoking prevalence and trends, and the disease burden of tobacco use in China. Method describing the changes of smoking patterns of Chinese and specific groups, estimating and analyzing the disease burden of smoking related diseases, based on the epidemiologic and statistic data and the existing literatures of smoking related diseases. Results the smoking rate was slightly decreased during past 20 years, but the average age of youth smoking was younger and smoking rate was increasing. In 2005, there were 1 400 000 deaths caused by smoking, direct costs of smoking were CNY166.56 billion, indirect costs were CNY 86.111-120.501 billion, total costs was almost CNY 300 billion, accounted for 1.5% GDP of the year of 2005. conclusion The smoking in China is a severe problem and has great pressures tothe social and economic development in China.