小儿气管切开术并发症及其防治

目的 探讨小儿气管切开关发症的原因，预防及相关因素，保证手术安全性。方法 对１９７４年３月～１９９９年７月施行的２２７例小儿气管切开病例进行回顾性分析。结果 ２２７例中１８９例顺利拔管，２３例因原发病未愈带管出院，１５例因原发病死亡。发生各种并发症１４例；术中窒息２例，食管损伤１例，颈部皮下气肿５例，纵隔气肿１例，脱管５例，其中２例因脱管导致窒息死亡。结论 小儿气管切开并发症的发生与年龄，原发疾病

Complications and its prevention in 227 cases of childhood tracheotomy]

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between the occurrence and the prevention of complications in childhood tracheotomy. METHODS: A total of 227 cases of childhood tracheotomy were analyzed based on clinical data from March 1974 to July 1999. RESULTS: Of 227 cases, 189 were decannulated successfully. Twenty-three cases discharged with tracheotomy tube. Fifteen cases died of primary disease. Fourteen of 227 cases had complications. Among them, 2 had intraoperative suffocation, 1 had trauma of esophagus, 5 complicated subcutaneous emphysema in cervical region and 1 had mediastinal emphysema. Five of 14 cases had postoperative drop out of the tube, 2 of them died of suffocation. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of complications is related to age, original disease, operative method and nursing.