哮喘儿童心理行为障碍及其早期干预

目的:探讨哮喘儿童心理、行为状况及综合性干预治疗的临床疗效。方法:对学龄期60例哮喘儿童和50例正常儿童进行社会心理状况问卷调查及行为、情绪评定,针对存在的问题进行综合性干预治疗(采用按摩放松疗法、情绪疏导疗法以及实践脱敏疗法),比较治疗前后患儿心理、行为变化情况。结果:71.8%哮喘儿童存在心理障碍,主要表现为对发作的恐惧,长期用药副作用的担忧及社会交往困难;35%的患儿存在行为异常,与正常儿童相比各项指标差异显著,干预治疗后患儿心理、行为状况明显改善,各项指标前后比较差异显著(P<0.01)。结论:哮喘儿童存在心理、行为障碍,在哮喘药物治疗的基础上对其存在的心理、行为障碍进行干预治疗是必不可少的,是提高哮喘儿童生活质量的唯一途径。

Behavioral and Psychological Problems and Interventions in Children with Asthma

Objective: To study the behavioral and psychological problems and the clinical effects of integration psychological intervention in children with asthma.Method: Behaviors and psychological actions were investigated in 60 children with asthma and 50 healthy children.Integration psychological intervention(massage relaxation,emotion disclosure desensitization therapy) were used in 60 asthmatic children.After psychological interventions for 6 months,the effects were evaluated in 60 asthmatic children.Result: Psychological problems existed in 71.8% asthmatic children.The main expression was fearing of asthma attack,worrying about drug side effects and being difficult in social intercourse;Behavioral problems existed in 35% asthmatic children,they were more prevalent than healthy children.After 6 months of integration psychological intervention,all behavioral and psychological indexes of asthmatic children improved more significantly than the index that were before intervened(P<0.01).Conclusion: Asthma contributes to the development of behavioral and psychological problems in children.Psychological and behavioral intervention in children with asthma has many positive effects on controlling the symptoms as well as drug therapy.It was the single way to improve the quality of life of asthmatic children.