新疆不同民族早期低位直肠癌经肛门局部切除术治疗的疗效分析

目的探讨新疆汉族、维吾尔族（维族）、哈萨克组（哈族）3个民族早期低位直肠癌经肛门局部切除术后的疗效。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院胃肠外科2001年1月-2008年12月实施经肛门局部切除手术患者76例的临床资料，按照不同民族分为A组（汉族，28例）、B组（维族，26例）、C组（哈族，22例），比较3个民族患者术后并发症发生率、肛门功能及生存情况。Kaplan-Meier法单因素分析比较3组术后1、3、5a累积生存率及平均生存时间。结果新疆汉、维、哈族患者在术后并发症及肛门功能比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），1、3、5a累积生存率分别为：A组：96．40％、92．70％、89．00％，B组：100．00％、96．00％、92．00％，C组100．00％、95．50％、90．70％，3组平均生存时间分别为：57．46、58．24及58．02个月，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论汉族、维吾尔族及哈萨克族早期低位直肠癌经肛门局部切除术治疗中均可获得较好的术后生活质量及相近的远期生存率，该手术具有较好的普适性。

The effect analysis of transanal local resection for lower rectal cancer of early stage of different nationalities in Xinjiang

Objective To investigate the quality oI life anu prug,, early low rectal cancer among Hart, Uygur and Kazakh in Xiniiang. Methods Clinical data from 76 cases with tansanal local excision surgery from January 2001 to December 2008 were retrospectively analysed. To compare the rate of postoperative complications, the anal function and survival condition, they were di- vided into A （Han 28 cases）, B （Uygur, 26 cases） and C （Kazakhs, 22 cases） three groups based on dif- ferent nations. Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis were used to compare the cumulative survival rate and the average survival time l year, 3 years and 5 years after surgery among the three groups. Results The difference was not statistically significant among Han, Uygur and Kazak patients in the postoperative com- plications, and anal function （P 〉0.05）. The cumulative survival rates of I year, 3 years and 5 years were respectively 96.4%, 92.70%, 89% in group A, 100%, 96%, 92% in B group andl00%, 95.50%, 90. 70% in group C. The average survival time were respectively 57.46, 58.24 and 58.02 months, which was no statistical significance （P 〉0.05）. Conclusion Transanal local excision in the treatment of early rectal cancer in the Han, Uygur and Kazak could obtain better postoperative quality of life and similar long-term survival rate, indicating that the operation was universal.