眼内麻醉剂对兔角膜内皮细胞影响的实验研究

目的:研究不同眼内麻醉剂对离体兔角膜内皮细胞的作用。方法:将实验用兔角膜取下后,分别用10g/L利多卡因、1g/L塞罗卡因及BSS处理。通过台盼蓝-茜素红联合染色观察兔角膜内皮细胞的形态学改变,并用计算机自动图像分析系统对兔角膜内皮细胞的损伤情况进行定量分析;对处理后的兔角膜内皮细胞进行扫描电镜观察,了解其超微形态学改变。结果:①各实验组中,10g/L利多卡因作用后兔角膜内皮细胞的损伤率分别为(0.91±0.12)%,(1.23±0.27)%,(2.42±0.31)%,(3.61±0.14)%;10g/L塞罗卡因作用后的兔角膜内皮细胞的损伤率分别为(0.68±0.16)%,(0.89±0.17)%,(1.84±0.34)%,(2.58±0.34)%。二者差异均具有显著性。(P<0.05,P<0.01)。②眼内麻醉剂的作用时间与兔角膜内皮细胞的损伤率呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.974、0.976。③眼内麻醉剂作用后,10g/L利多卡因造成的兔角膜内皮细胞的损伤情况较10g/L塞罗卡因更为严重。结论:10g/L利多卡因及10g/L塞罗卡因都会对兔角膜内皮细胞造成损伤。比较而言,不含防腐剂的塞罗卡因更安全。

Effect of intracameral anesthetics on rabbit cornea endothelium

· AIM: To investigate the effects of different intraocular anesthetics on rabbit cornea endothelial cells in vitro.· METHODS: The excised rabbit corneae were treated with 10g/L lidocaine or 10g/L xylocaine for different durations. The morphological change was studied under a light microscope using dual staining of Typan-blue and Alizarine-red, and under a scanning electric microscope as well. The cornea endothelial cell (CEC) lost rate was calculated by computerized image analysis system.(Metamorph Image System V 4.6, Olympus Japan).· RESULTS: ①The CEC lost rate in 10g/L lidocaine groups for different durations was(0.91±0.12)%, (1.23±0.27)%, (2.42±0.31)% and (3.61±0.14)% respectively;while in 10g/L xylocaine groups was (0.68±0.16)%,(0.89±0.17)%, (1.84±0.34)% and (2.58±0.34)%, respectively. The difference was significant (P＜0.05, P ＜0.01); ②The action duration of intraocular anesthetics was positively related to the CEC lost rate, the correlative coefficient was 0.974 in 10g/L lidocaine groups,0.976 in 10g/L xylocaine groups; ③ The damage on CEC caused by 10g/L lidocaine was severer than that of 10g/L xylocaine.· CONCLUSIONS: Intraocular anesthetics may cause damage on CEC. Compared with lidocaine, the preservants-free xylocaine was safer.