社区2型糖尿病病人膳食现况调查

[目的]通过调查社区2型糖尿病病人膳食情况,分析并评价其总热量、营养素和各类食物的摄入,为指导糖尿病病人均衡饮食提供客观依据.[方法]采用半定量食物频率调查表对115例2型糖尿病病人饮食状况进行调查.[结果]115例2型糖尿病病人日均实际热量摄入高于标准（P＜0.05）,其中糖类摄入不足64例（55.7％）,蛋白质、脂肪摄入超量者分别为115例（100.0％）、74例（64.3％）;谷薯杂豆类摄入不足导致糖类供能低于中国2型糖尿病防治指南,蛋类、畜禽肉类、食用油摄入超过膳食宝塔推荐是蛋白质、脂肪供能超标的主要原因.[结论]社区2型糖尿病病人饮食结构不合理;建议控制总热量,均衡营养素,增加糖类,减少蛋白质、脂肪的摄入.

Survey of dietary status of community patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective： Through investigating the diet condition of patients community with type 2 diabetes to analyze and to evaluate their total calo- ries,nutrients and all kinds of food intake, so as to provide an objective ev- idence for the guidance of a balanced diet for diabetic patients. Methods： Semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the diet condition of 115 patients with type 2 diabetes. Results：The actual average daily calorie intake in 115 patients with type 2 diabetes was higher than the actual standard （P〈0.05）. Among them, 64 cases with inade- quate carbohydrate intake（55.7 %）, 115 cases with excessive protein intake （100.0%） and 74 cases with excessive fat intake （64.3%）. Insufficient in- take of valley potato mixed beans resulted in carbohydrates for energy low- er than the Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment guidelines. Excessive intake of eggs, poultry meat and edible oil compared with that recommended by dietary pagoda mainly due to excessive fat for energy. Conclusion：Diet structure of community type 2 diabetic patients is not rea- sonable. It suggests that community type 2 diabetes mellitus patients should control the total quantity of heat, balance nutrients, increase the in- take of sugar and reduce the intake of protein and fat.