一种新的流感快速诊断法

目的 建立一种新的、简便、敏感、特异和重复性好的流感快速诊断法。方法 采集标本经成片MDCK细胞扩增，使细胞表面受体发生改变，借助植物素与细胞表面受体结合的严格特异性，通过普通光学显微镜来观察红细胞聚集现象，对测定标本做出判断。结果 新法与常规的MDCK细胞分离法符合率为100％，一般20h内就可出结果；其敏感性比常规细胞分离法高100-10000倍或以上；它既可用于临床上的流感快速诊断，又可用于流感监测；测定时最适红细胞浓度为1‰，并测定结果不受人血型和豚鼠个体的影响。结论 新法简便、敏感、特异、重复性好，并具有多用途等优点。

A novel test for diagnosis of influenza

OBJECTIVE: To set up a novel, simple, sensitive, specific, repeatable and rapid assay for diagnosis of influenza. METHODS: Monolayers of MDCK cells were inoculated with the specimens for amplifying viral yield, the feature of receptors on cell surface was changed by treatment of neuraminidases of influenza A and B viruses. Afterward, based on the lectin binds to receptors on cell surface with strict specificity,the phenomenon of red blood cell aggregation was observed under the conventional microscope. Finally, the tested results could be determined by the extent of red blood cell aggregation. RESULTS: There was a complete (%) consistency rate (100%) for viral isolation between new and routine tests. In general, the results were detected with new assay within 20 h. The sensitivity of new assay was over 100-10,000 times higher than that of routine method. Meanwhile, the novel test could not only be used for rapid diagnosis in the clinic, but also be used for influenza surveillance. The best concentration of red blood cells was 1 in the detection assay. The testing result was not effected by red blood cells taken from either different red blood cell type of human or different individual of guinea pigs. CONCLUSIONS: The novel method has several advantages: simple, high sensitivity and specificity, accurate and suitable for multiple purposes.