张爱玲王安忆上海小说中的怀旧母题

张爱玲、王安忆都力图通过回忆将旧上海拉回人们的视野，作品中表现出了对于旧上海的物质存在和精致细腻的生活情趣的迷恋。但张爱玲的怀旧是失去以后的回望，因而对以前的生活既厌恶痛恨，又感伤眷恋，难以忘怀。王安忆并非旧上海的亲历者。她对上海人日常生活细节和情趣的追忆，不是沉溺于过去，而是希望藉此突出城市的历史沧桑感，是为了增加自己应对未来的定力。

The Nostalgic Theme in Shanghai Novels of Zhang Ailing and Wang Anyi

Zhang Ailing and Wang Anyi tried to spread Shanghai before people's view by using way of nostalgia, in their works, the attraction to the substance exist of the old Shanghai and the delicate life style was showed. However, Zhang Ailing's nostalgia was the retrospect of the past life, therefore, she had the feeling of disgusting hatred, as well as sentimentality. As for Wang Anyi, she was not the experiencer of the old Shanghai, as a result, her recalling of the common life and appealing of Shanghai people was not indulged in the past, on the contrary, she hoped to loose the vicissitudes of city life, and enhanced her ability of facing the future.