湖南省农村供水设施饮水安全计划应用研究

目的探讨饮水安全计划在湖南省农村供水系统中应用的可行性及效果。方法选取一个县的12家农村水厂或供水设施调查了解供水系统中影响水质安全的因素,并在此基础上选择2家工艺流程相对比较完善的农村水厂,按照《WHO饮水水质准则》(第三版第一卷,2004年)中饮水安全计划(WSP,Water Safety Plans)的程序要求进行专题案例研究,进行危害分析和评价,并在此基础上寻找危害控制措施。结果农村供水系统中影响供水安全的关键控制点分布在从水源到用户的各个环节。WSP在农村集中式供水单位中有效地制定和执行后可明显改善和提高农村饮水水质。结论有效地制定和执行饮水安全计划可以以较低的成本最大限度的保证供水安全,从而达到保证农村集中式供水的正常运转、促进农业发展、保障农民健康的目的。WSP在我国农村乡镇自来水厂值得进一步推广和应用。

Application Study on Drinking Water Safety Plans in Rural Water Supply Systems of Hunan Province

Objective To study the feasibility and effects of drinking water safety plans application in rural water supply systems in Hunan Province.Methods Twelve rural water supply systems were selected in 1 county as samples to investigate the influential factors on water quality and safety.And then 2 good conditional rural water supply systems were selected to have some special case research,to analyze and evaluate the risk factors and to find measures for controlling these risk factors according to the Water Safety Plans(WSP)of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality 2004.Results The key influential factors of water safety in rural water supply systems existed in all steps from water sources to the users.Setting down and carrying out WSP effectively improved the quality of rural drinking water.Conclusions Setting down and enforcing WSP can improve the quality of rural drinking water with the lowest cost,which would ensure the normal operation of rural water supply systems and improve the agricultural development and the health of peasants.WSP can be generalized and applied in rural water supply systems in our country.