兰州市吸毒成瘾者毒品滥用模式及传统毒品与合成毒品流行态势分析

目的:了解传统毒品与合成毒品滥用的结构模式及发展趋势。方法:设计问卷,经培训和预实验,对兰州户籍的1355名强制隔离戒毒人员和社区戒毒人员进行问卷调查。结果:阿片类吸毒史10年以上占69.2%;苯丙胺类吸毒史10年以下占82.8%。40岁以上阿片类吸毒者占86.5%;40岁以下苯丙胺类吸毒者占82.4%。从首次滥用毒品到被查获的潜伏期1年以上者占43.4%,最高达28年。阿片类吸毒者同时混用其他毒品占53%。合成毒品滥用率45.5%,18.6%的吸毒者正在使用苯丙胺类毒品,其中14.8%同时混用其他毒品。女性单独滥用冰毒构成为15.6%,是同年龄段男性的4倍。93%的苯丙胺类滥用表现为有间断使用。结论:在吸毒成瘾者年老瘾深、习惯性、贫困化、潜伏期、新生吸毒人员增幅较小等因素作用下,兰州正处在由传统毒品向合成毒品的缓慢转化时期。

Drug use patterns of addicts in Lanzhou and the prevalence of traditional narcotic and synthetic drugs

Objective:To understand the pattern and development trend of traditional narcotic and synthetic drug abuse. Methods:1355 compulsory isolation drug addicts and community drug addicts in Lanzhou city were investigated by means of questionnaires. Results:More than 10 years of history of opioid use accounted for 69.2%;Amphetamines accounted for 82.8% of the total history of drug use under 10 years. 86.5% of opioid drug users over the age of 40;Amphetamine-type drug users under the age of 40 accounted for 82.4%. From first drug abuse to detection with an incubation period of more than 1 year 43.4 %, up to 28 years. The proportion of opioid drug users who mixed other drugs at the same time is 53%. The abuse rate of synthetic drugs was 45.5%, and 18.6% of drug users were using amphetamine-type drugs, of which 14.8% were mixed with other drugs. The proportion of women who abuse methamphetamine alone is 15.6 %, which is four times that of men of the same age. Amphetamines are less frequently abused, with 93% characterized by intermittent use. Conclusion:In the context of the transition from traditional narcotic drugs to synthetic drugs at home and abroad, under the influence of factors such as the high age of addicts, habitual habits, poverty, incubation period, and the small increase in the number of new drug addicts, Lanzhou is in a period of slow transition from traditional narcotic drugs to synthetic drugs.