雄激素与女性生殖

雄激素是男性体内含量最多、最重要的一种类固醇激素。在女性体内，雄激素也是不可或缺的。女性体内雄激素来源于卵巢和肾上腺，具有生物活性的雄激素包括睾酮（T）和双氢睾酮（DHT），肾上腺雄激素在外周组织转化为睾酮。一方面睾酮在女性体内经过芳香化酶的作用合成雌激素，另一方面睾酮和DHT结合雄激素受体（AR）进入细胞核内调控靶基因的转录。AR除了分布于卵巢外，还在大脑、肌肉、骨骼、皮肤、肾脏、肝脏等外周非生殖器官表达。在卵泡发生和成熟中，雄激素也起重要作用。过多雄激素，常与多囊卵巢综合征相关。结合女性体内雄激素的靶器官，综述雄激素在女性卵巢和外周非靶器官的作用，及其与女性生殖相关的事件如乳腺癌的关系。

Androgens and Female Reproduction

Androgen is the most abundant and important steroid hormone in male. Androgen is also very important for female reproductive function. In female，androgen originally comes from ovary and adrenal gland. The bioactive androgen includes testosterone and dihydrotestosterone，while adrenal androgen is transformed into testosterone. Besides the testosterone converted to estradiol through aromatase，testosterone and dihydrotestosterone regul ate the expressions of target genes via binding to androgen receptor（AR）. AR is located in ovary，brain，muscle，bone，skin，kidney and liver. Androgen plays important roles in follicular development and maturation. Hyperandrogenism is commonly seen in polycystic ovary syndrome. In this review，we discussed the target organs in female and the effects of androgen in ovarian tissue and peripheral non-reproductive organs，as well as those female reproductive events such as breast cancer.