血友病患者口腔健康及出血原因的调查及护理

目的调查血友病患者口腔健康及出血原因及护理分析。方法本次研究对象来源于2013年5月至2015年6月我院诊治的180例血友病患者及同期体检的130例健康志愿者,由我院口腔科专业医师对患者口腔健康状况进行调查,分析口腔出血原因,并针对其出血原因实施合理护理干预措施。结果血友病患者口腔保健知识、口腔健康行为评分明显低于健康志愿者,日常口腔出血发生率明显高于健康志愿者,有统计学意义(P0.05);潜牙期、拔牙、合并外伤及医源性出血是口腔出血的可疑因素(P0.05);潜牙期出血、拔牙后出血、合并外伤出血、医源性出血是血友病患者口腔出血的独立危险因素(P0.05);护理干预前研究组出血指数明显高于对照组(P0.05);护理干预后2组斑块指数、牙石指数、出血指数、失补指数较护理干预前明显减小,且研究组减小幅度较对照组明显,有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血友病患者口腔健康状况较健康人群明显差,而针对血友病患者口腔出血原因全面实施护理干预措施是改善患者口腔健康状况的关键。

Investigation of the oral Health and Causes of Bleeding in Patients with Hemophilia and Nursing

Objective To investigate the oral health,causes of bleeding and nursing in patients with hemophilia.Methods 180 patients with hemophilia treated in our hospital between May 2013 and June 2015 and 130 healthy volunteers receiving physical examination in the same period were selected as study subjects.The oral health status of all subjects were investigated by professional physicians in the department of stomatology.The causes of oral bleeding were analyzed,and reasonable nursing interventions were given.Results The scores of oral health knowledge and oral health behavior of patients with hemophilia were significantly lower than those of healthy volunteers,and the incidence of daily oral bleeding was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (P ＜ 0.05);The latent period of tooth,tooth extraction,being complicated with trauma and iatrogenic hemorrhage were the suspected factors of oral bleeding (P ＜ 0.05) while bleeding in the latent period of tooth,bleeding after tooth extraction,being complicated with traumatic bleeding and iatrogenic hemorrhage were the independent risk factors of oral bleeding in patients with hemophilia(P ＜ 0.05);Before the nursing intervention,the bleeding index in study group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05);After nursing intervention,the plaque index,calculus index,bleeding index and DMF index were lower than those before intervention,and the decrease in study group was more significant than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The oral health status of patients with hemophilia is significantly worse than that of the healthy people,and the comprehensive nursing intervention is the key to improve the oral health status of patients with hemophilia.