Intimate partner violence in late adolescence and young adulthood and subsequent cardiovascular risk in adulthood |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Program in Health Disparities Research, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, SE, Ste 166, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States;2. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;3. Department of Medicine, Program in Health Disparities Research and Center for Health Equity, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;4. Independent Gender Based Violence Specialist, Atlanta, GA, United States;5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;6. Division of Biostatistics, Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;7. Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;8. Department of Internal Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States;9. Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States;1. EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Department of Health Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of General Practice, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;5. Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;6. Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;7. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundChildhood maltreatment has been linked to adulthood cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) in late adolescence and young adulthood and CVD risk later in adulthood.PurposeTo examine whether IPV perpetration and victimization experienced in late adolescence and young adulthood are associated with CVD risk among adults in the United States and whether this relationship differs by sex.MethodsData include 9976 participants (50% female) in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Physical and sexual IPV were measured at wave 3 (2001/02) with items from the revised Conflict Tactics Scales. Participants'30-year risk of CVD was calculated at wave 4 (2008/09) using a Framingham prediction model. Linear regression models adjusted for confounders and IPV by sex interaction terms were tested to examine the relationship.ResultsThe mean CVD risk score was 13.18% (95% CI: 12.71, 13.64). Aone-standard deviation increase in the victimization score was associated with a 0.28% (95% CI: 0.03, 0.54) increase in CVD risk. Perpetration was similarly positively associated with CVD risk (beta: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.62). When measured as a composite, all violence types were associated with increased CVD risk but only prior exposure to both victimization and perpetration reached statistical significance (0.62%, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.22). No differences by sex were detected.ConclusionsEffect sizes are not large, but early detection of increased CVD risk in this relatively young population is notable and worthy of further study to inform the clinical response. |
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