Biological and psychological correlates of self-reported and objective sleep measures |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK;2. Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK;3. School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK;1. Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94-100 Mallett St, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;2. Charles Perkins Centre, D17 Johns Hopkins Drive, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;3. Centre for Mental Health Research, Building 63, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;4. Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Hospital Road, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia;1. Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;2. Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany;3. Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany;4. Department of Internal Medicine B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;5. Interdisciplinary Center of Sleep Medicine, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany;6. Department of Neurology – Sleep Medicine and Neuromuscular Disease, Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany;7. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Klinikum Bremen-Ost, Bremen, Germany;8. Department of Neurology, Klinik Maria Frieden, Telgte, Germany;9. Institute of Physics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;10. Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;11. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;12. School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA;1. Department of Global Health and Ecoepidemiology, Redavi Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada;2. Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;3. Center for the Study of Chronic Illness and Disability, Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveObjective and self-reported sleep are only moderately correlated and it is uncertain if these two types of sleep measures are associated with distinct biological and psychological outcomes.MethodsParticipants were 119 healthy women aged 26 years on average. Cortisol and blood pressure assessed over one day were the measures of biological function. Psychological variables included optimism, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect as well as emotional distress. Sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Quality Index (PSQI), wrist actigraphy and sleep diaries.ResultsGlobal sleep ratings on the PSQI were unrelated to objective sleep efficiency, duration or latency. Sleep duration derived from sleep diaries was highly correlated with objective duration but was unrelated to the PSQI measure. More disturbed sleep on the PSQI was associated with lower psychological wellbeing, as indicated by reduced levels of optimism, life satisfaction and positive affect as well as greater negative affect and emotional distress. Objective sleep efficiency was reduced among participants with lower positive and higher negative affect but there were no other associations between objective sleep indicators and psychological variables tested in our study. Participants with poorer self-reported sleep had lower cortisol awakening response while those with longer objective sleep latency had higher diastolic blood pressure, independently of covariates.ConclusionOur study reveals that self-reported and objective sleep measures, in particular those regarding sleep quality, are weakly associated but have different psychological and biological correlates. This suggests that findings relating self-reported sleep may not necessarily be corroborated by objective sleep indicators. |
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