烟台市成年人身体质量指数抽样调查

目的]分析BMI指标与体质的关系。方法]于2004～2005/4选择山东省烟台市成年人，随机抽取997人为研究对象，利用体能测试系统采集他们的身高、体重及其他身体机能和身体素质指标数据，计算各组BMI指数均质的变化规律。结果]1）烟台市成年人BMI指数男性平均为23.7kg/m2，女性平均为21.8kg/m2，两者存在显著性差异。各年龄段男女之间比较，除50~54岁无显著性差异外，其余各年龄段男性BMI均大于女性，但到35岁以后，这种差距明显缩小。2）体重偏低和正常两类人群在各年龄段中所占的比例基本上随年龄段的增加呈逐步下降趋势，而超重和肥胖两类人群在各年龄段中所占比例基本上随年龄段的增加呈逐步上升趋势。3）女性体重偏低和体重正常的比例都远高于男性，而超重和肥胖的比例则明显低于男性，尤其是女性肥胖者的比例比男性低了19.4个百分点。4）在相关性显著的所有指标中，血压与BMI指数存在较大的正相关性，提示人体超重或过于肥胖将增加高血压和心脑血管类疾病的患病风险。结论]BMI指数与身体机能和体质指标均有显著性相关；体重超标对某些相关体质产生了一定的负面影响，因此有必要采取相应措施防止体重的过度增长，以改善自身的健康状况。

INVESTIGATION AND COMPARISION ANALYSIS OF THE BODY MASS INDEX OF ADULTS IN YANTAI

Objective]To analyze the relationship between BMI and body constitution.Methods]A total of 997 adults in Yantai,Shandong Province were selected randomly from 2004 to Apirl,2005. The data of their weight,height and other indexes of physical function and physical quality were collected by physical ability testing system to calculate the BMI in different groups.Results]The analysis results were as follows:(1)The average BMI of adults for male and female was 23.7 kg/m2 and 21.8 kg/m2,respectively,and there was significant difference between the two. The BMI of male in different age groups except 50-54 years old group were all higher than that of female,but the BMI difference between male and female decreased obviously after 35 years old.(2)The proportions of low body weight and normoal weight descended along with the increase of age in every age group. While the proportions of overweight and obesity increased with the age in every age group.(3)The proportions of low body weight and normal weight for female were both higher than male,while the proportions of overweight and obesity were both lower than male,especially the obesity rate of female was lower than male by 19.4%.(4)The blood pressure had significant positive correlation with BMI,which indicated that overweight and obesity would increase the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusions]According to the statistic analysis of BMI data,the BMI mean of adults in Yantai for male is higher than that for female,and the BMI increases with age gradually. Almost half of adults are overweight. BMI is closely correlated with most indexes of physical function and physical quality,and overweight is of negative effects on them,which suggests that corresponding measures should be taken to prevent body weight from excessive growth in order to improve personal health status.