Comparative NMR studies of diffusional water permeability of red blood cells from different species. X. Camel (Camelus dromedarius) and alpaca (Lama pacos)

The diffusional water permeability (P _d) of camel and alpaca red blood cells (RBCs) was measured by a doping nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique on control cells and following inhibition withp-chloromercuribenzene sulphonate (PCMBS). The values ofP _d were, in the case of alpaca RBC≈4.6×10^?3 cm/s at 25°C, 5.4×10^?3 cm/s at 30°C, 6.6×10^?3 cm/s at 37°C and 7.7×10^?3 cm/s at 42°C. In case of camel RBC the values ofP _d where ≈4.2×10^?3 cm/s and 9.0×10^?3 cm/s at 42°C. Systematic studies on the effects of PCMBS on water diffusion in camel RBC indicated that the maximal inhibition was reached in 45 min with 1–2 mm PCMBS. The values of maximal inhibition were around 47% at 25°C and 68% at 30°C for alpaca RBC and around 62% at 25°C and 56% at 37°C for camel RBC. The basal permeability to water of alpaca RBC was estimated at around 2.6×10^?3 cm/s at 25°C, 1.7×10^?3 cm/s at 30°C and of camel RBC as 1.8×10^?3 cm/s at 25°C and 3.0×10^?3 cm/s at 37°C. The values of the activation energy of water diffusion (E _{a, d}) were around 23 kJ/mol for camel and 34 kJ/mol for alpaca RBC. This suggests that in addition to the number of transport channels other features of the pathways might be important for defining the temperature dependence of the water permeability.