抑郁发作患者心理防御与应对方式研究

目的探讨抑郁发作患者的心理防御与应对方式特点。方法根据CCMD-3诊断标准，实验组共104例，分层抽样取对照组104例，分别用防御方式问卷（DSQ）、应对方式问卷（CSQ）进行测评。结果实验组不成熟型防御方式[（5．19±0．73）分]高于对照组[（4．41±0．76）分]，差异有统计学意义（￡=2．93，P〈0．05），其中退缩、躯体化、回避、被动攻击高于对照组，抱怨、幻想低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义；实验组成熟型防御方式[（4．49±0．61）分]低于对照组[（6．01±O．85）分]，差异有统计学意义（t=6．02，P〈0．01），其中升华、幽默低于对照组，而压抑高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义。在应对方式上，解决问题、求助、合理化低于对照组（t=-4．58，P〈0．01；t=-4．49，P〈0．01；t=-4．01，P〈0．01），自责、退避高于对照组（t=8．21，P〈0．01；t=5．31，P〈0．01）。结论抑郁发作患者倾向于使用不成熟的心理防御机制与应对方式，心理干预需要对患者的不成熟型防御方式与应对方式进行干预，引导患者有意识地运用成熟的防御与应对方式，以提高治疗的远期效果。

The study of the psychological defence and coping style of the depression episode sufferers

Objective To study the psychological defence （PD）and coping style（CS） of the patients suf- fering depressive episode （DE）. Methods 104 cases of the experimental group and 104 cases of the control group, which were stratified sampled, had been investigated by applying defensive style questionnaire （DSQ）, cop- ing style questionnaire （CSQ）. Results The total score of the immature PD of the experimental group （5.19±0.73） was significantly higher（ t= 2.93, P〈 0. 05 ） than that of the control group（4.41±0.76）.In the immature mechanism, withdrawal, somatization, avoiding, passive aggression were significantly higher, but the complaints and fantasy were significantly lower. The total score of mature PD of the experimental group （4.49±0.61） was signifi- cantly lower （ t=-6.02, P〈0.01 ） than that of the control group（6.01±0.85）. For the mature mechanism, sublima- tion and humor were lower and the repression was higher.And for the CS, problem solving, consulting and rationali- zation scores were significantly lower than those of the control group（ t=-4.58, P〈0.01 ; t=-4.49, P〈0.01 ; t= -4.01, P〈0.01）.The self-accusation, retreat scores were significantly higher than those of the control group（ t= 8.21, P〈0.01; t= 5.31, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Patients suffering DE are apt to use immature PD and CS.To in- crease the therapeutic effect, the style of the patients＇ PD and CS should be highlighted, and it is necessary to take steps to guide the patients to use mature PD and CS.