学龄双生子气质类型及其影响因素分析

目的了解学龄双生子儿童的气质类型分布及其影响因素。方法运用Carey气质问卷对呼和浩特125对8—12岁双生子进行气质测评，同时运用家庭环境调查表对与气质相关因素进行调查。结果学龄双生子儿童中易养型和中间偏易养型儿童占多数，易养型儿童41．6％，中间偏易养型儿童38．O％，难养型儿童11．2％，中间偏难养型儿童占6．4％，启动缓慢型儿童占2．8％。学龄双生子儿童气质类型遗传度为0．454。家庭亲密度及教养方式、卯型、双生子年龄、父亲职业、母亲文化程度及分娩方式对学龄双生子气质类型分布有不同程度的影响。结论遗传和环境因素共同影响学龄双生子儿童气质类型的分布。

The analysis of the temperament types and influence factors of school-age twins

Objective To explore the distribution of temperament types and its related influencing factors of school-age twins. Method Childhood temperament were evaluated by standardized Middle Childhood Tempera- ment Questionnaire （MCTQ） in a total of 125 pairs of 8 to 12 years old twins, and temperament related factors were measured by FACES II -CV. Results The majority of temperament types of school-age twins were easy and inter- mediate-low. Easy,intermediate-low, difficult, intermediate-high and start-to-warm up took a percent of 41.6%, 38.0% ,11.2% ,6.4% and 2.8% ,respectively. The heritability of temperament types was 0. 454. The distribu- tion of temperament types were influenced by the family cohesion, parenting rearing style, zygotic, age, father~ occu- pation,mother＇ s educational level and the method of delivery. Conclusion The temperament types of school-age twins were both influenced by genetic and environmental factors.