多发性骨髓瘤患者外周血与骨髓中瘤细胞的检测及临床意义

本研究探讨多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的循环骨髓瘤细胞（circulating myeloma cells，CMC）和骨髓骨髓瘤细胞（marrow myeloma cells，MMC）的相关性及其临床意义。采用四色流式细胞术对55例MM患者同时检测CMC和MMC的百分率，并结合患者的β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）、血浆白蛋白（Alb）水平、染色体核型、肾功能等预后相关指标进行系统分析。将患者分成4组：A组为同时检测到CMC和MMC患者；B组为仅检测到MMC患者；C组为仅检测到CMC患者；D组为未检测到瘤细胞患者。结果发现：与其他各组相比，A组的β2-MG和肌酐浓度显著增高，白蛋白水平明显低下。就上述预后因素而言，在检测到与未检测到骨髓瘤细胞患者之间，差异有统计学意义。初发、复发／难治患者的CMC和MMC百分率明显高于部分缓解和完全缓解的患者。骨髓瘤患者CMC与MMC显著相关。结论：骨髓瘤患者CMC和MMC百分率不仅反映肿瘤负荷，而且预示病情进展，特别是同时检测到CMC和MMC的多发性骨髓瘤患者。

Detection of Circulating and Bone Marrow Myeloma Cells in Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Its Clinical Significance

This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between circulating myeloma cells (CMC) and bone marrow myeloma cells (MMC) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its clinical significance. Four-color flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CMC and MMC in 55 patients with MM. Other prognosis-associated factors such as beta(2) microglobulin (beta(2)-MG), serum albumin (Alb), chromosomal abnormalities and renal function were simultaneously analyzed. The patients were divided into four groups: group A, in which CMC and MMC were simultaneously detected; group B, in which only MMC were detected; group C, in which only CMC were detected; group D, in which no myeloma cells were detected in peripheral blood or bone marrow. The results showed that the concentrations of beta(2)-MG and creatinine were significantly increased and Alb markedly decreased in group A as compared with other groups. Statistical differences existed in the above-mentioned factors between patients with myeloma cells detected and not detected. The percentages of CMC or MMC in newly diagnosed, refractory and relapsed patients were apparently higher than those in patients with partial and complete remission, respectively. CMC were strikingly correlated with MMC. It is concluded that the percentages of CMC and MMC not only imply tumor load in MM patients, but also predict the progression of MM, respectively for patients with MM, in those patients CMC and MMC were simultaneously detected.