糖尿病肾病小鼠模型的研究现状

糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy,DN）已成为导致终末期肾病的主要原因之一。小鼠是研究人类疾病最常用的实验动物优势明显。目前常用的DN小鼠模型难以完全模拟人类DN病变,限制了DN发病机制和治疗措施的进展。近年来应用基因工程技术和杂交技术建立了一些新的DN小鼠模型,其中部分模型能较好地模拟人类DN的典型病变。本文总结常见DN小鼠模型特点的基础上,对新建立的DN小鼠模型疾病表现、肾病特点及应用进行了分析,从而有助于DN发病机制的深入认识及DN研究中动物模型的合理选择。

Current Status of Mouse Model of Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy(DN) is one of the main causes of end stage renal diseases. Mice provide a common experimental model of unparalleled flexibility for studying human diseases. Even though some diabetic mouse models exist, not a single one develops renal changes sufficiently reflecting those seen in humans. Progress in identification of effective therapies and pathogenesis for diabetic nephropathy continues to be limited by the lack of ideal animal models. New diabetic mouse models were developed by uses of technique for gene engineering and cross, some of which could recapitulate some typical renal pathological changes of human advanced DN. Here we reviewed the character of common DN mouse models, analyzed disease manifestations, nephrotic features and application of new developed DN mouse models. This would be beneficial for understanding of the disease process and guiding for choosing the most suitable mouse model for the investigation of diabetic nephropathy.