诱导排痰及体位引流在毛细支气管炎患儿护理中的应用

目的探讨高渗盐水雾化吸入诱导排痰与体位引流相结合治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效，以期寻找新的安全有效的治疗方法及护理措施。方法将临床确诊为毛细支气管炎的136例患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组，对治疗组患儿行基础治疗的过程中，用空气压缩泵吸入（3％高渗盐水3．0mL＋沙丁胺醇0．25mL）诱导深部痰液排出，同时加以体位引流以解除气道梗阻，对照组进行常规雾化吸入（0．9％氯化钠注射液2mL＋氨溴索15mg）治疗，观察患儿治疗过程中喘憋症状消失时间、喘鸣音消失时间以及住院天数。结果治疗组总有效率为98．5％，显著高于对照组的73．5％；治疗组哮鸣音、咳嗽消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组；2组患儿均未发现副作用及其他不良反应。结论高渗盐水＋沙丁胺醇雾化吸入配合体位引流辅助治疗是治疗毛细支气管炎安全、有效的方法，无论在临床症状的改善还是住院时间方面都具有优势，符合卫生经济学要求，值得临床推广使用。

Application of expectoration induction and postural drainage in nursing of children with capillary bronchitis

Objective To explore the clinical effect of hypertonic saline aerosol inhalation induced expectoration combined with postural drainage on the treatment of children with capillary bronchitis. Methods 136 children with capillary bronchitis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated with expectoration induction by air pressure pump （3.0 mL of 3 % hypertonic saline and 0.25 mL of salbutamol） on the basis of basic treatment, and meanwhile postural drainage was used to eliminate airway obstruction. Compared with the treatment group, the control group was treated with conventional aerosol inhalation （2 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection and 15 mg of arnbroxol）. Disappearance time of panting, oppression and wheezing as well as hospital stay were compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group was 98.5 %, which was significantly higher than 73.5 % in the control group; the disappearance time of wheezing and cough as well as hospital stay in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group; No side effects or adverse reactions were observed in both groups. Conclusion Hypertonic saline plus salbutamol aerosol inhalation and postural drainage is a safe and effective method for treatment of children with capillary bronchi- tis. Either the clinical symptom improvement or hospital stay shows lots of significant advantages, so it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.