重症监护病房医院感染因素分析及其护理措施探讨

目的分析重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染因素,探讨护理措施。方法对ICU医院感染患者26例统计不同因素的医院感染率,并对感染部位、病原菌进行分析。结果气管切开、机械通气、留置导尿管、中心静脉插管、年龄≥65岁、有基础疾病的患者医院感染率分别高于无上述因素者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸系统感染18例(69.2%),泌尿系统7例(26.9%),皮肤感染1例(3.8%)。共检出病原菌287株,G-杆菌15例(57.7%),其次为真菌8例(30.8%),最后是G+球菌3例(11.5%)。结论 ICU发生医院感染因素复杂,应根据患者具体情况有针对性地采取护理措施。

Factors analysis of nosocomial infection in intensive care units and nursing measures research

Objective To analyze the factors of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit（ICU）,and to explore the nursing care.Methods The infective rate of different factors of 26 cases in ICU who were nosocomial infected were analyzed,so was the infection portion and pathogenic bacteria.Results The infection rates of patients with tracheotomy,mechanical ventilation,indwelling catheters,central venous catheter,age≥65 years old and underlying diseases were higher than those without above factors,and the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）.18 cases were with respiratory system infection（69.2%）;7 cases were with urinary system infection（26.9%）;1 case was with skin infection（3.8%）.A total of 287 pathogens were isolated,among which G-bacilli was in 15 cases（57.7%）,fungi in 8 cases（30.8%）,and G＋ cocci in 3 cases（11.5%）.Conclusion Factors of nosocomial infection in ICU is complex and patients should be given nursing care according to specific circumstances of patients.