Gene expression profiling of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma supervised by CD21 expression

This study investigated the gene expression profiles of 40 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) according to CD21 expression, a favourable prognostic factor in DLBCL. Signature genes were analysed by Gene Ontology Tree Machine, and genes concerned with the immune system and related categories were significantly upregulated in CD21⁻ DLBCLs. Of 40 DLBCLs, four were germinal centre B cell-like (GCB) and 36 non-GCB. Of the 36 non-GCB DLBCLs, 14 CD21⁺ DLBCLs showed significantly better overall survival than the 22 CD21⁻ DLBCLs ( P  =   0·036). Hierarchical cluster analysis of signature genes related to CD21 was applied to previously published data sets, resulting in two groups for each data set, CD21⁺ type DLBCLs and CD21⁻ type DLBCLs. Survival of CD21⁺ type DLBCLs was significantly better than that of CD21^– type ( P  =   0·006 and P  =   0·004, respectively). In both data sets, CD21⁺ type DLBCLs predominantly included GCB DLBCLs compared with CD21⁻ type. The top classifier gene of CD21 expression was IGHM, and the five of nine Gene Ontology categories significant in CD21^– DLBCLs included IGHM . Immunohistochemical analysis of 216 DLBCLs confirmed that overall survival of surface (s) IgM⁺ DLBCLs was significantly poorer than that of sIgM^- DLBCLs ( P  =   0·013).