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Detection of hypopharyngeal cancer (Tis,T1 and T2) by ENT physicians vs gastrointestinal endoscopists
Institution:1. ENT Clinic, Head and Neck Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, Trieste, Italy;2. Department of Mathematics and Earth Science, University of Trieste, Via Weiss 2, Trieste, Italy;3. Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Piazza dell''Ospitale 2/1, Trieste, Italy
Abstract:ObjectivesHypopharyngeal cancer is typically detected at a late stage by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) physicians, when the prognosis is poor. We evaluated how hypopharyngeal cancer (Tis, T1 and T2) were detected by ENT physicians and gastrointestinal endoscopists (GEs) according to the detection reasons.Materials and MethodsA total of 109 consecutive patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (Tis, T1 and T2) who received treatment in our institution from January 2014 to February 2018 was enrolled. The detection detail of hypopharyngeal cancer lesions by ENT physicians and GEs, tumor size and location, and the characteristics of the lesions missed by ENT physicians and GEs were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsTwenty seven and 82 of 109 (24.8% and 75.2%) patients were detected by ENT physicians and GEs, respectively. The most frequent original reasons for ENT physicians and GEs were both pharyngeal discomfort screening and examination of swollen neck lymph nodes (12 of 27, 44.4% for each) and pre-treatment or follow-up screening for esophageal cancer (25 of 82, 30.5%), respectively. Among the 13 cases of upper gastrointestinal tract screening of the head-and-neck cancer other than pharyngeal cancer detected by GEs, 11 (84.6%) were missed by ENT physicians. In contrast, among the 25 cases of pre-treatment screening of the esophageal cancer detected by GEs, 12 (48%) were missed by other GEs just before the consultation from other institutions.ConclusionsThe percentage of detection of hypopharyngeal cancer (especially, Tis and T1) by ENT physicians is low. A careful examination of the pharynx should be conducted by GEs.
Keywords:Hypopharyngeal cancer  Flexible nasal fiberscope  Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy  ENT physicians  Gastrointestinal endoscopists
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