城乡居民膳食硒摄入水平研究

目的：分析浙江省城乡居民膳食硒摄入状况，探讨影响膳食硒摄入低的相关因素。方法对浙江省2010-2012年大城市、中小城市和农村中抽取的2659名居民进行3天24小时膳食调查，分析浙江省城乡居民膳食硒摄入水平。结果1岁~、4岁~、7岁~、11岁~、14岁~、18岁~、45岁~和60岁~各年龄组平均每日膳食硒摄入量分别为21.96、26.39、31.62、35.26、29.39、41.78、39.12和38.40μg，其中有42.56%的未成年人和52.09%的成年人膳食摄入的硒含量未达到平均需要量（ EAR）。单因素分析显示：膳食硒摄入正常组与低于EAR组的年龄、性别、地区、文化程度、年人均收入、体育锻炼和吸烟因素差异均有统计学意义（ P〈0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析表明，女性（OR=1.86，95%CI：1.59~2.63）、农村（OR=1.46，95%CI：1.23~1.73）、低文化（OR=0.70，95%CI：0.57~0.86）和低收入（OR=0.72，95%CI：0.60~0.88）是影响浙江省城乡膳食硒未达到EAR的相关因素。结论浙江省城乡居民膳食硒未达到EAR的影响因素可能是性别、地区、文化程度和人均收入，应倡导重点人群通过多种途径补充微量元素硒。

A research on the dietary intake of selenium among rural and urban residents

Objective To understand the dietary intake of selenium and its influencing factors among rural and urban residents in Zhejiang province. Methods From 2010 to 2012,a total of 2,659 residents were selected from large urban sites,small-medium urban sites and rural sites in Zhejiang. Using 24 -hour dietary recall method,a 3 -day household dietary survey to analysis the dietary intake of selenium. Results The average daily dietary intake of selenium for residents aged 1-,4-,7 -,11 -,14 -,18 -,45 - and 60 - was 21. 96,26. 39,31. 62,35. 26,29. 39,41. 78,39. 12 and 38. 40 μg,respectively. According to formulation of Chinese Nutrition Society,the dietary selenium intake of 42. 56%juveniles and 52. 09% of adults was below the estimated average requirement（ EAR）. Significant statistical differences were found between normal group and insufficient dietary selenium intake group in terms of age,sex,region,level of education, per capita annual income,physical exercise and smoking status（all P〈0. 01）. Influencing factors of insufficient selenium intake were female（OR =1. 86,95%CI：1. 59 -2. 63）,rural area（ OR =1. 46,95%CI：1. 23 -1. 73）,lower level of education（OR=0. 70,95%CI：0. 57 -0. 86）and lower income（ OR =0. 72,95% CI：0. 60 -0. 88）. Conclusion Influencing factors of dietary selenium intake are sex,region,level of education and per capita income. Dietary selenium supplement should be strengthened through a variety of ways,especially in target population.