基于《儿童少年卫生学》课程探讨PBL教学对学生自主学习能力的影响

目的:基于《儿童少年卫生学》课程探讨以问题为基础的学习方法（PBL）教学对学生自主学习能力的影响，为完善PBL教学设计提供依据。方法:选取50名本科生为研究对象，对其开展3次《儿童少年卫生学》课程PBL教学，采用自编制的《学生自评问卷》评价学生自主学习能力，教师依据学生自主学习能力将其分为"普通" "良好" "优秀"三类，分不同类别比较3次PBL学生自评分的差异。结果:第2次PBL、第3次PBL教学自评总分、通过不同渠道收集资料的能力、语言表达和组织协调能力，归纳汇总结的能力条目评分均高于第1次PBL（P<0.05~P<0.01）。"普通" "良好" "优秀"学生在将生活相关或创新的意念与所讨论的案例相结合的能力、"良好"学生在通过不同渠道收集资料的能力条目评分第2次PBL均高于第1次和第3次PBL（P<0.05~P<0.01），而"良好"学生在积极参与的能力条目评分第3次PBL低于第1次、第2次PBL（P<0.01）。结论:PBL教学有助于提升学生的自主学习能力，但伴随PBL教学次数的增加，学生自主学习能力未呈现持续上升趋势，应合理设置PBL教学频次及时间间隔。

Effect of PBL based on child and adolescent health course on students' self-learning ability

Objective:To investigate the effects of PBL on students' self-learning ability based on child and adolescent health course,and provide the basis for improving PBL teaching design.Methods:The PBL teaching of child and adolescent health course was taught in 50 college students for three times.The students' self-learning ability was evaluated using the Students' self-evaluation questionnaire made by self.The self-learning abilities of students were divided into the general,better and best grades by teachers.The differences of students' self-learning ability among the 3 times PBL teaching were analyzed.Results:The total scores of the "ability of collecting data by several methods","abilities of language expression and organization",and "generalizing and summarizing abilities" of students in the second and third PBL teaching were higher than those in the first PBL teaching(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The scores of "ability of combining innovative idea or related life with teaching cases" in 3 groups,and "ability of collecting data by several methods" in students with better self-learning ability in the second PBL teaching were higher than those in the first and third PBL teaching(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The score of "ability of active taking part in PBL teaching" in students with better self-learning ability in the third PBL teaching was lower than that in the first and second PBL teaching(P<0.01).Conclusions:PBL teaching can improve the students' self-learning ability.The students' self-learning abilities do not increase with the increasing of PBL teaching time.The PBL teaching time and interval time should be reasonably set up.