Predictors and Sequelae of Smoking Topography Over the Course of a Single Cigarette in Adolescent Light Smokers |
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| Authors: | Jennifer C. Veilleux Jon D. Kassel Adrienne J. Heinz Ashley Braun Margaret C. Wardle Justin Greenstein Daniel P. Evatt Megan Conrad |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;3. Psychology Department, Edward J. Hines VA Medical Center, Hines, Illinois;4. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland;1. National Center for PTSD, Women''s Health Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue (116B-3), Boston, MA 02130, United States;2. Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, United States;3. University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, TX 77204, United States;4. Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI 02912, United States;5. Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, MHCL116, Houston, TX 77030, United States;6. University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, United States;7. University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, United States;1. The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;2. Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK;3. Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;4. Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania;5. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK;6. Centre for Geographical Medicine (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya;7. Muhimbili-Wellcome Programme, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania;8. Dept of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;9. Neurosciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK;1. Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, United States;2. D.B. Consulting Group, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, United States;1. Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;2. Equipe addiction (laboratoire de psychiatrie), SANPSY, CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France;3. Département d''Addictologie, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;4. INCIA, CNRS, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France;5. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL, Paris, France;6. Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | PurposeThe objective of this study was to determine whether adolescent smokers, who varied in their smoking histories and symptoms of nicotine dependence, exhibit any decrease in puff volume and duration similar to that typically seen in dependent adolescent and adult smokers. Moreover, we examined whether puffing trajectories were moderated by individual difference factors, as well as whether puffing topography over the course of smoking a single cigarette was predictive of an escalation in dependence symptoms.MethodsWe assessed smoking topography (puff number, duration, volume, maximum flow rate [velocity], and inter-puff interval) over the course of smoking a single cigarette in a sample of 78 adolescent light smokers, using hierarchical linear modeling. We examined moderators (anxiety, depression, nicotine dependence) of the topographic trajectories, as well as whether smoking topography predicted any change in dependence over a 2-year period.ResultsPuff volume and puff duration decreased over the course of smoking the cigarette, whereas puff velocity and inter-puff interval increased. Slopes for puff volume and duration were moderated by anxiety and depressive symptoms. Moreover, individuals with a less “typical” topography pattern (exhibited stable or increasing volume and duration over the course of smoking the cigarette) demonstrated a heightened dependence escalation in the subsequent 2 years.ConclusionOur findings suggest that adolescent light smokers self-regulate nicotine during the course of smoking a single cigarette, similar to that reported in dependent adolescent and adult smokers. However, single cigarette self-regulation was influenced by certain affective factors. Implications of these findings and future directions for adolescent smoking research are discussed. |
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