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South Asian Cardiovascular Disease & Cancer Risk: Genetics & Pathophysiology
Authors:Latha Palaniappan,Arun Garg,Enas Enas,Henrietta Lewis,Sehrish Bari,Martha Gulati,Cristina Flores,Ashish Mathur,Cesar Molina,Jagat Narula,Shahid Rahman,Jennifer Leng,Francesca Gany
Affiliation:1.Stanford University School of Medicine,Palo Alto,USA;2.Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,Fraser Health Authority,New Westminster,Canada;3.Coronary Artery Disease among Asian Indians (CADI) Research Foundation,Lisle,USA;4.Rollins School of Public Health, Global Epidemiology,Emory University,Atlanta,USA;5.Columbia University,New York,USA;6.Division of Cardiology,University of Arizona College of Medicine,Phoenix,USA;7.The Warren Alpert Medical School, The Brown Human Rights Asylum Clinic (BHRAC),Brown University,Providence,USA;8.South Asian Heart Center,El Camino Hospital,Mountain View,USA;9.The Mount Sinai Hospital,New York,USA;10.I-Say, Bangladeshi American Youth Association, Teach & Travel,New York,USA;11.Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,New York,USA;12.Department of Medicine,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,New York,USA;13.Department of Healthcare Policy and Research,Weill Cornell Medical College,New York,USA;14.Department of Medicine,Weill Cornell Medical College,New York,USA
Abstract:South Asians (SAs) are at heightened risk for cardiovascular disease as compared to other ethnic groups, facing premature and more severe coronary artery disease, and decreased insulin sensitivity. This disease burden can only be partially explained by conventional risk factors, suggesting the need for a specific cardiovascular risk profile for SAs. Current research, as explored through a comprehensive literature review, suggests the existence of population specific genetic risk factors such as lipoprotein(a), as well as population specific gene modulating factors. This review catalogues the available research on cardiovascular disease and genetics, anthropometry, and pathophysiology, and cancer genetics among SAs, with a geographical focus on the U.S. A tailored risk profile will hinge upon population customized classification and treatment guidelines, informed by continued research.
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