中国大陆人体结膜吸吮线虫病地区分布与危害

目的 总结分析中国大陆结膜吸吮线虫病这种罕见寄生虫病的地区分布和对人体的危害,提出防控措施以避免及减少其对人群的危害.方法 查阅、收集、整理国内1917-2009年多种医学书籍、专著、国内多种寄生虫学科技期刊等有关国内不同地区的结膜吸吮线虫病资料.统计、分析该病流行因素与危害状况.结果人体结膜吸吮线虫病分布在国内25个省、自治区、直辖市,以湖北、江苏、山东、河南、安徽、云南、四川等7省居多,其次为河北、陕西、北京等18个省、直辖市.患者数农村多于城市,最小年龄为3个月,最大为88岁,男性高于女性,且以学龄前儿童居多(47.06%),其次为农民(37.97%)、学生(4.28%)、工人(4.20%)、干部(2.67%)、居民(1.60%).不同职业人群感染的差异具有统计学意义.发病季节在5-11月,且以6-9月为主.患者出现症状与体征的病程为l～180 d不等,而以1～10 d居多(65.80%),其次为11-180 d(34.20%).虫体寄生眼部引起眼内异物感、畏光、流泪、组织损伤、结膜充血、水肿、疼痛、角膜混浊、眼压增高等症状与体征,重者因角膜病变而引起失明.结论 结膜吸吮线虫病在我国大陆多数省、自治区、直辖市分布,发病且以点状散在为主,少数省发病较为集中.不同年龄的人群均易受染,造成患者眼部多种疾患与不同程度的损伤,并以儿童与农民居多.加强结膜吸吮线虫病的防治与健康教育,与病犬、病猫等动物的捕杀及管理,重视灭蝇,消除蝇类孳生场所,谨慎与犬、猫等动物接触,注意个人眼部卫生是防止蝇类将动物眼结膜吮吸线虫传播于人体的根本措施.

Distribution and harmfulness of human thelaziasis in mainland of China

Objectives To summarize and analyze the data of distribution and harmfulness of thelaziasis,one of the rare parasitic diseases.in the mainland of China so as to propose control measures to prevent the infection.Methods Information about thelaziasis reported in various areas of China was collected from do mestic medical books.iournals and monograph published from 1917 to 2009.Then.the epidemic factors and harmfulness of this disease were analyzed.Results The distribution of human thelaziasis covered 25 provinces(municipalities or autonomous regions).The most cases were found in 7 provinces,i.e.Hubei,Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan,Anhui,Yunnan and Sichuan,and many in 18 provinces(municipalities or autonomous regions)including Hebei,Shanxi and Beijing.The youngest patient was at the age of 3 months old,the oldest at 88 years old.Male cases were more than female.and the cases in farmlands were more than those in cities.The infection rates from high to low were pre-school children(47.06%),farmers(37.97%),students(4.28%),factory workers(4.20%),cadres(2.67%),and residents(1.60%).The infection rates between various occupations showed significant difierence.Thle cases were often reported from May to November.and most focused from June to September.The disease courses were quite difierent lasting from 1 day to 180 days.and most of them from 1 day to 10 days(65.80%).The worros parasitized in the patients'eyes causing many symptoms and signs such as feeling foreign body in eyes,photophobia,tearing etc..The most serious cases lost their sight due to pathological changes of corneas.Conclusion Thelaziasis distributed at most provinces or regions in mainland of China.The cases were detected as a diflusion pattern with exception focusing pattern in some provinces.The population at various ages was all sensitive to this disease causing various illnesses and in juries in eyes.The children and farmers were at high risk of infection.So much attention should be paid to the control and health education of this disease.Also very important measures should be implemented including killing sick dogs and cats,promoting flies control,prohibiting the contact with the animals such as sick dogs and cats 80 as to reduce or eliminate human infection.