近视眼巩膜的变化及其发生机制

本文综述鸡、树鼠、猴子和人类近视眼巩膜的组织病理学、生化和代谢等方面的变化。目前认为巩膜的近视性改变，可能主要是与生长因子和基质金属蛋白酶活性调控失平衡、局部血流动力学紊乱、乱病胶原基因等所致的胶原代谢异常有关。

A review of the change of sclera of myopia and it's pathogenesis

Specific changes in sclera have been documented in human myopia and experimental myopia induced in animals species such as chicken, tree shrew and monkey. Avian and mammalian sclera differ anatomically with respect to experimental axial myopia with mammalian sclera thinning and stretching posteriorly while avian sclera thicken with increased cellular proliferation. The underlying biochemistry may be similar in the two cases, however, in that they probably both undergo increased remodeling of scleral extracelluar matrix to achieve an increase in size. Members of metalloproteinases family are the only proteinases known that can initiate extracellular matrix remodeling by cleaving collagen.