Immunoglobulin variable regions in molecules exhibiting characteristics of innate and adaptive immune receptors |
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Authors: | Gary W. Litman John P. Cannon Larry J. Dishaw Robert N. Haire Donna D. Eason Jeffrey A. Yoder Jose Hernandez Prada David A. Ostrov |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida College of Medicine, USF/ACH Children’s Research Institute, 830 First Street South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;(2) Department of Molecular Genetics, All Children’s Hospital, 801 Sixth Street South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;(3) H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Avenue, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;(4) Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;(5) Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA |
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Abstract: | The antigen combining sites of immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell antigen receptors (TCRs), which are present in all jawed vertebrates, consist of a paired variable (V) domain heterodimer that exhibits varying degrees of germline- and extraordinarily high levels of somatically-derived variation. The near limitless variation in receptor specificity on the surface of individual lymphocytes is the basis for clonal selection in the adaptive immune response. A basic question arises as to whether or not there are other forms of immune-type receptors in vertebrates as well as in invertebrates that derive immune specificity through sequence differences in V domains. Our laboratory has discovered two such families of molecules, the novel immune-type receptors and the variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins. Both families of molecules encode V domains that share some characteristics of adaptive immune receptors but likely mediate innate functions. Presented at the First Robert A Good Society Symposium, St. Petersburg, FL 2006. |
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Keywords: | Variable region Immune phylogeny Novel immune-type receptor Immune diversity Activating/inhibitory signaling motifs NK function |
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