白细胞介素-18与糖尿病及并发症的研究进展

白细胞介素18（IL-18）是一种细胞因子,早期称IGIF（IFN-γinducing factor）为γ-干扰素诱导因子。它是IL-1细胞因子家族成员之一,在生物学特性上与IL-12（强Th1诱导因子）类似。IL-18是在一定免疫环境下诱导Th1或者Th2极化作用的独特细胞因子。来源于单核细胞及巨噬细胞,具有刺激T细胞增殖,增强细胞及NK细胞活性,并具有抗肿瘤、抗感染、免疫调节等多种生物学作用。可与许多细胞因子相互作用,参与了自身免疫性疾病和变态反应性疾病的发生,在许多疾病的基础性研究和临床应用中有重要前景。目前已有多项研究证明IL-18与1型糖尿病的发生及2型糖尿病的发展有关,并与糖尿病并发症密切相关。现就IL-18的发现、来源、分布、结构特点、生物学作用以及与糖尿病及并发症方面的研究进展做一综述。

Research Progress on the Relationship between Interleukin 18 and Diabetes Mellitus, Its Complication

Interleukin 18 （IL-18） is a kind of cytokine,which is also called IGIF （IFN-γ inducing factor） in the past. It is a member of cytokine family,and its biological characteristics are similar to IL-12 （strong Th 1 inducing factor）. IL-18 is the unique cytokine which can induce polarization of Th 1or Th 2 under specific immune environment. IL-18 is originated from monocyte and macrophage. It can stimulate T cell proliferation,improve the activity of NK cells,and has various biological effects of anti-tumor,anti-infection and immunoregulation. IL-18 can interact with various cytokine,participate in the occurrence of autoimmune disease and allergic diseases,and it has important prospect in the basic research and clinical application of many diseases. Recent research suggested IL-18 is related to the occurrence of Type 1 diabetes mellitus and the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus,and is closely related to diabetic complication. In this paper,the research progress of IL-18 on its discovery,origin,distribution,structural characteristic,biological effects and relationship with diabetic complication are reviewed.