PD-1/PD-Ls信号通路及其抗体在肿瘤治疗中的应用

程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)是T细胞上主要存在的一种抑制性受体，与其配体PD-L1、PD-L2相互作用，可抑制T细胞增殖、活化和细胞因子的分泌。在正常机体中，PD-1/PD-Ls信号通路对维持机体的免疫耐受具有重要作用；而在肿瘤发生时，PD-1/PD-Ls信号通路能抑制T细胞的免疫反应而促进肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生。本文从PD-1/PD-Ls的结构与表达、信号通路的作用机制、PD-1/PD-L1的可溶性分子(sPD-1/sPD-L1)的表达特性及其对PD-1/PD-Ls途径的作用等方面简述了PD-1/PD-Ls信号通路的研究现状，综述了抗PD-1/PD-Ls抗体及其在肿瘤免疫治疗中的临床应用。

PD-1/PD-Ls signaling pathway and the application of anti-PD-1/PD-Ls antibodies in cancer therapy

Programmed death-1(PD-1)is a major co-suppression receptor expressed on T cells. Binding with its ligands(PD-L1 and PD-L2), PD-1 can inhibit T cell proliferation, activation and cytokine secretion. In normal organs, PD-1/PD-Ls signaling pathway plays an important role in maintaining immune tolerance, while suppressing T cell immune response and promoting tumor immune escape during tumorigenesis. This article reviews the research progress on PD-1/PD-Ls signaling pathway from the structure and expression of PD-1/PD-Ls, the mechanism of the signaling pathway as well as the expression characteristics of soluble form of PD-1/PD-L1(sPD-1/sPD-L1), and summarizes the categories of anti-PD-1/ PD-Ls antibodies and their clinical trials in cancer immunotherapy.