某火力发电厂接触煤尘工人职业健康状况十年前后对比分析

目的长期追踪火力发电厂煤尘对作业工人健康的影响情况。方法调查187名在职火力发电厂燃料车间工人为接尘组和80名非接触尘毒职工为对照组，分别比较10年前后的职业健康状况。同时测定生产环境中粉尘浓度及二氧化硅含量。结果生产环境粉尘中游离SiO2含量3．48％，粉尘浓度0．5～37．4mg／m^3，合格率82．16％。接尘组职业健康体检主要阳性结果中慢性咽炎、鼻炎、肺通气功能减退等检出率十年后明显增加，小气道功能减退出现得比较早。结论火力发电厂低浓度煤尘对长期作业工人健康的主要影响是引起呼吸道慢性炎症和肺功能减退。应加强防护措施。

A 10-year Follow-up Study on Health Status of Workers Exposed to Coal Dust in a Fire-power Station

Objective To observe adverse effect of coal dust on worker＇s health status in a fire-power station. Methods 187 workers exposed to coal dust in this fire-power station were studied as the case group and 80 non-exposed workers as the control group, the health conditions of these two groups were followed up in a period of 10 years. The concentrations of dust and SiO2 content in the workplaces were determined. Results The dust concentrations varied from 0.5 to 37.4 mg/m^3 and compliance rate of dust concentrations was 81.26%.The SiO2 content was 3.48%. The rates of positive signs, such as chronic pharyngitis, chronic rhinitis and hypofunction of pulmonary ventilation were significantly increased among exposed workers compared with the results ten years ago and the hypofunction of small airway appeared earlier compared with the control group. Conclusion Exposure to low concentration of coal dust for long time could cause the chronic inflammation of respiratory tract and pulmonary hypofunction of workers in a fire-power station. The preventive measures should be taken.