输尿管结石ESWL治疗失败后输尿管镜下治疗

目的探讨输尿管结石体外冲击波碎石(extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,ESWL)治疗失败后输尿管镜下治疗的效果. 方法 23例输尿管结石ESWL治疗失败后,在输尿管镜下通过气压弹道碎石机配合自制输尿管镜针状电刀分别进行碎石、取石、息肉切除术. 结果 2例结石已被粉碎,但被息肉组织紧紧包裹,钳夹息肉将结石取出;16例结石部分粉碎,气压弹道碎石、取石;4例结石完好,与输尿管壁及息肉粘连,用自制输尿管镜针状电刀切除息肉,将结石粉碎取出;1例结石部分嵌入到输尿管黏膜下,致使结石难以排出,用自制输尿管镜针状电刀切开结石表面黏膜后,粉碎结石取出.手术时间30～55 min,平均42 min.术后6个月复查未见结石残留. 结论输尿管结石ESWL治疗失败的病人可以通过输尿管镜气压弹道碎石配合自制输尿管镜针状电刀切开达到治疗目的.

Ureteroscopic management for ureteral stones after failed ESWL

Objective To study therapeutic effects of ureteroscopic treatment for ureteral stones after failed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods A total of 23 patients with ureteral stones received ureteroscopic treatment after the ESWL had failed. By using pneumatic lithotripter and self-made needle-shaped electrotome, stones were fragmented and removed, and polyps were resected. Results Two patients with stones fragmented but surrounded by granuloma tissue received a polyp resection and stone extraction.Pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy and stone removal was conducted in 16 patients with stones partly fragmented.In 4 patients with stones adherent to the ureteral wall and polyps,the polyps were removed by using self-made needle-shaped electrotome and the stones were fragmented and extracted.And in 1 patient with stones embedded beneath the ureteral mucous membrane, which was difficult to be expelled,the mucous membrane covering the stones was opened by using the needle-shaped electrotome and the stones were fragmeathed and extracted.The procedure duration was 30~55 min(mean,42 min).Re-examination 6 months postoperatively found no residual stones. Conclusions After the ESWL had failed, patients with ureteral stones can be treated ureteroscopically by using pneumatic lithotripsy and self-made needle-shaped electrotome.