丝素蛋白-软骨脱细胞外基质复合取向支架的制备及评价

目的 制备丝素蛋白（SF）-软骨脱细胞外基质（CECM）仿生支架材料,检测其理化性能特性。方法 采用改良温度梯度热诱导相分离（TIPS）技术结合冷冻干燥法制备出CECM取向支架,然后将CECM浆料与制备好的SF溶液按照质量比1∶1混合后配制成质量分数6%的浆料,通过TIPS技术制备出SF-CECM复合取向支架。对SF-CECM复合取向支架进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察和组织学染色,同时测定支架孔隙率、吸水性以及力学性能。结果 SEM观察可见,支架横断面呈多孔网状结构,纵剖面呈垂直的管状结构。组织学染色显示复合支架脱细胞彻底,有蛋白多糖、胶原成分,与天然软骨成分相似。支架孔隙率、吸水率和纵向压缩弹性模量分别为95.733%±1.010%、94.309%±1.302%和（65.40±4.09）kPa。结论 SF-CECM复合取向支架具有良好的理化特性和生物力学性能,有望成为较理想的组织工程软骨支架。

Preparation and characterization of oriented scaffolds derived from cartilage extracellular matrix and silk fibroin

Objective This study aims to prepare oriented scaffolds derived from a cartilage extracellular matrix (CECM) and silk fibroin (SF) and use to investigate their physicochemical property in cartilage tissue engineering. Methods Oriented SF-CECM scaffolds were prepared from 6% mixed slurry (CECM：SF=1：1) through modified temperature gradient-guided thermal-induced phase separation, followed by freeze drying. The SF-CECM scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological staining analyses and determination of porosity, water absorption, and compressive elastic modulus of the materials. Results The SEM image showed that the SF-CECM scaffolds contained homogeneous reticular porous structures in the cross-section and vertical tubular structures in the longitudinal sections. Histological staining showed that cells were completely removed, and the hybrid scaffolds retained proteogly can and collagen. The composition of the scaffold was similar to that of natural cartilage. The porosity, water absorption rate, and vertical compressive elastic modulus of the scaffolds were 95.733%±1.010%, 94.309%±1.302%, and (65.40±4.09) kPa, respectively. Conclusion The fabricated SF-CECM scaffolds exhibit satisfactory physicochemical and biomechanical properties and thus could be an ideal scaffold in cartilage tissue engineering.