Two-stage revision arthroplasty for coagulase-negative staphylococcal periprosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee

BACKGROUND Periprosthetic joint infections(PJIs) are frequently caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococci(Co NS), which is known to be a hard-to-treat microorganism.Antibiotic resistance among causative pathogens of PJI is increasing. Two-stage revision is the favoured treatment for chronic Co NS infection of a hip or knee prosthesis. We hypothesised that the infection eradication rate of our treatment protocol for two-stage revision surgery for Co NS PJI of the hip and knee would be comparable to eradication rates described in the literature.AIM To evaluate the infection eradication rate of two-stage revision arthroplasty for PJI caused by Co NS.METHODS All patients treated with two-stage revision of a hip or knee prosthesis were retrospectively included. Patients with Co NS infection were included in the study, including polymicrobial cases. Primary outcome was infection eradication at final follow-up.RESULTS Forty-four patients were included in the study. Twenty-nine patients were treated for PJI of the hip and fifteen for PJI of the knee. At final follow-up after a mean of 37 mo, recurrent or persistent infection was present in eleven patients.CONCLUSION PJI with Co NS can be a difficult to treat infection due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Infection eradication rate of 70%-80% may be achieved.