吉林省居民膳食铅暴露风险评估

目的评估吉林省居民膳食中铅的暴露风险。方法采用2012—2017年吉林省监测的食品铅含量数据和2012年吉林省调查的居民食物消费量数据。用点评估方法计算铅暴露量,结合原每周可耐受摄入量(provisional tolerable weekly intake,PTWI)和暴露边界比(margin of exposure,MOE),评价吉林省居民膳食铅暴露情况。结果 12类食物铅的平均含量为0.10 mg/kg,检出率58.1%(2995/5155),超标率0.50%(26/5155),其中蔬菜类、皮蛋类超标样品最多,蔬菜类、谷物类和皮蛋类是膳食铅的主要来源。10个不同性别年龄组平均摄入量为1.11～2.24μg/(kg·d),其中2～6岁年龄组铅暴露危险性最大,平均值暴露边界比为0.33。结论吉林省居民膳食铅暴露情况有潜在危险性,需要采取措施降低吉林省居民膳食铅的暴露。

Dietary exposure and risk assessment to lead of the population in Jilin Province

OBJECTIVE To estimate the dietary exposure to lead for the inhabitants of Jilin Province,China.METHODS Lead concentration data was obtained from the national food contamination program during 2012-2017.Consumption data was derived from Jilin provincial nutrition and health survey in 2012.The provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI)and margin of exposure(MOE)were used to estimate dietary lead exposure by the simple distribution evaluation method.RESULTS The average concentration of lead in 12 categories of food was 0.10 mg/kg.The detection rate was 58.1%(2995/5155),and over-standard rate was 0.50%(26/5155).Vegetables and preserved eggs had more exceeding standard samples.Vegetables,cereals and preserved eggs were the main source of dietary lead exposure.Dietary lead exposure of different age-gender population groups was in the range of 1.11-2.24μg/(kg·d).The status of lead exposure in younger age groups was not optimistic,as the mean MOE had been 0.33,less than 1.CONCLUSION The status of lead exposure of the inhabitants in Jilin Province is potentially dangerous.Control measures should be taken to reduce lead exposure in Jilin Province.