北京市肾综合征出血热聚集疫情分析

目的 描述分析北京市一起肾综合征出血热聚集性疫情,探讨低发病率地区聚集性疫情的流行病学特征.方法 2007-2014年肾综合征出血热病例数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统中现住址为北京市的病例.疫情数据来源于流行病学调查和疫情防控记录.病例血清汉坦病毒抗原和抗体检测采用ELISA法.啮齿类动物使用夹夜法捕捉,其血清汉坦病毒抗原抗体使用间接免疫荧光方法检测.结果 2007-2014年北京市平均每年报告肾综合征出血热病例18例,年发病率在0.09/105-0.16/105.聚集疫情共涉及2名实验室确诊病例和1名无症状感染者.病例临床症状相对较轻,居住地灭鼠前鼠密度为10.0％,灭鼠后密度为1.3％.家鼠肺标本汉坦病毒抗体阳性率为12.5％(1/8),宠物鼠中未检出汉坦病毒.结论 北京市仍存在发生肾综合征出血热聚集疫情的可能,这起涉及3名感染者的疫情为“城中村”家鼠传播.

An outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Beijing

Objective To describe an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Beijing,so as to explore the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS in regions where the incidence of HFRS was relatively low.Methods The data of patients with HFRS from 2007 to 2014 were collected from the internet-based National Notifiable Disease Reporting System.The data of outbreak came from the record of the epidemiological investigation.The density was calculated based on the trap-at-night method.The serum antigen and antibody of Hantavims of patients were detected by ELISA,and the serum anti-hantavirus antibody in rodents was detected by indirect immunofluorescence.Results There were two laboratory confirmed patients and one case of silent infection.The densities of the rodents before and after extermination were 10.0％ and 1.3％,respectively.The positive rate of anti-hantavirus antibody was 12.5％ (1/8).Conclusions Although the patients with HFRS are sporadic,the outbreak of HFRS is still a threat in Beijing.The patients in this outbreak should be infected by Mus domesticus.