宫颈癌治疗后远期生命质量研究现状及对策

宫颈癌是全球女性第4常见恶性肿瘤，是妇科癌症的主要负担。发展中国家宫颈癌病例占全球总数的85%，情况堪忧。近年来，宫颈癌的治疗方法和治疗效果不断改进，在防止癌症扩散和提高整体生存率方面显示出前所未有的进展。然而，治疗导致的相关不良反应可能影响患者远期生命质量（quality of life，QoL）。研究表明，影响宫颈癌治疗后QoL的不良预后主要包括泌尿系统并发症、胃肠道功能障碍、性功能障碍、淋巴水肿和心理问题等。影响上述不良预后的因素主要包括治疗方法、手术术式和人文因素等。改善QoL的方法主要包括药物治疗和外科手段。当然，更重要的是继续改进治疗方式和术式，同时也强调社会和家庭对受累个体的支持。

Research Status of Long-term Quality of Life in Cervical Cancer Survivors and Related Countermeasure

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and is the main burden of gynaecologic cancer. Cases of cervical cancer in developing countries account for 85%of the global total, the situation is grim. In recent years, there continue to be improvements in its therapeutic method and treatment effectiveness. However, treatment-related effects, including urinary, gastrointestinal, sexual, lymphedema and psychological side effects, can disrupt long-term quality of life (QoL) in survivors. Factors influencing the above adverse outcomes mainly include treatment methods, surgical procedures and human factors. Factors that affect the poor prognosis include therapeutic method, surgical operation and cultural factors, etc. Methods improving QoL mainly include pharmacological treatment and surgical therapy. Certainly, improving therapeutic method and surgical procedures seems to be more important. Meanwhile, gaining support from family and society is helpful for the survivor.