Comparison of facial morphologies between adult Chinese and Houstonian Caucasian populations using three-dimensional imaging |
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Authors: | J. Wirthlin C.H. Kau J.D. English F. Pan H. Zhou |
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Affiliation: | 1. School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA;2. Department of Orthodontics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, AL, USA;3. Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA;4. Department of Orthodontics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China;5. School of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China |
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Abstract: | The objective of this study was to compare the facial morphologies of an adult Chinese population to a Houstonian white population. Three-dimensional (3D) images were acquired via a commercially available stereophotogrammetric camera system, 3dMDface?. Using the system, 100 subjects from a Houstonian population and 71 subjects from a Chinese population were photographed. A complex mathematical algorithm was performed to generate a composite facial average (one for males and one for females) for each subgroup. The computer-generated facial averages were then superimposed based on a previously validated superimposition method. The facial averages were evaluated for differences. Distinct facial differences were evident between the subgroups evaluated. These areas included the nasal tip, the peri-orbital area, the malar process, the labial region, the forehead, and the chin. Overall, the mean facial difference between the Chinese and Houstonian female averages was 2.73 ± 2.20 mm, while the difference between the Chinese and Houstonian males was 2.83 ± 2.20 mm. The percent similarity for the female population pairings and male population pairings were 10.45% and 12.13%, respectively. The average adult Chinese and Houstonian faces possess distinct differences. Different populations and ethnicities have different facial features and averages that should be considered in the planning of treatment. |
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Keywords: | orthodontics 3D facial surfaces ethnic populations average faces |
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