前庭蜗器的标本制作及相关的解剖学观测

目的解剖观测前庭蜗器的形态结构,获得其解剖学参数,为实验教学和临床应用提供基础资料。方法选用经福尔马林固定的成年男性尸头20个,经15%~20%盐酸脱钙软化。雕刻显示内耳的各结构,测量各骨半规管的内径、总骨脚、跨度、弧长、顶点间距和耳蜗的蜗底直径、耳蜗高度、面神经各段长度、转角等参数。结果实验所用标本40侧,结构完整。所得数据见表1~3。总骨脚为（3.79±0.25）mm。结论分别测得的左右侧数据差异无统计学意义。数据显示各骨半规管大小不等。骨半规管内径由大到小依次为外侧骨半规管、前骨半规管和后骨半规管,高度依次为后骨半规管、前骨半规管和外侧骨半规管,跨度依次为前骨半规管、后骨半规管和外侧骨半规管,弧长依次为后骨半规管、前骨半规管和外侧骨半规管。后、外侧骨半规管相距最近,前、外侧骨半规管次之,前、后骨半规管相距最远。面神经各段中鼓室段最长,内耳道段次之,迷路段最短。面神经迷路段与鼓室段夹角为（62.38±5.34）°。

Manufacturing of the vestibulocochlear organ Anatomical measurement

Objective： To study the anatomy of vestibulocochlear organ and provideanatomic criteria for experimental teaching and clinical applications.Methods： Samples of adult median sagittal section of the head（fixed by formalin） were used.Softened and demineralized by 15%-20%Hcl,and after sculpture,the bony semicircular canals,span,height,internal diameter,arc,length of bony semicircular canal and the distance between vertex of bony semicircular canal and the length of each segment of facial canal and intersection angle around geniculum of facial canal were measured.Results： Exact data from 40 samples were obtained through the experiment.The specific data in the Table1-3.The data of semicircular canals were in the order from the large to the small,and length of common bony crus was（3.79±0.25）mm.Conclusion： There are no statistically significant differences between the data of the left and those of the right side of the samples.Three bony semicircular canals are not same in appearance and size.The internal diameter is： lateral semicircular canal,anterior semicircular canal,posterior semicircular canal;the height is： posterior semicircular duct,anterior semicircular canal,lateral semicircular canal;the span is： anterior semicircular canal,posterior semicircular canal,lateral semicircularcanal;the length is： Posterior semicircular canals,anterior semicircular canal,lateralsemicircular canal.The distance between anterior semicircular canal and posterior semicircular duct is largest of the three,the distance between lateral semicircular canal and posterior semicircular duct is the smallest.Tympanic segment is longest in the segments of the facial nerve,internal auditory canal segment is next to tympanic segment,and labyrinthine segment is the shortest.The angle around geniculate ganglion between labyrinthine segment and tympanic segment is（62.38±5.34）°.