右美托咪定预防全麻术后躁动和咽喉疼痛的作用

目的探讨右美托咪啶在预防全麻术后躁动和咽喉疼痛方面的应用价值,以提高全身麻醉的安全性。方法选取接受全麻手术治疗的患者114例,通过随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各57例。两组均采用相同的药物进行全身麻醉,观察组在手术结束前半个小时静脉泵入右美托咪啶,对照组则静脉泵入相同体积的0.9%氯化钠注射液。对比两组患者恢复自主呼吸的时间和拔除气管插管时间以及术后躁动和咽喉疼痛的发生率。结果两组患者恢复自主呼吸时间、拔除气管插管时间的对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在术后躁动方面,观察组0级的有53例,躁动率为7.02%;对照组0级的有34例,躁动率为40.35%。观察组躁动率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。在术后咽喉疼痛方面,观察组0级的有46例,咽喉疼痛率为19.30%;对照组0级的有30例,咽喉疼痛率为47.37%。观察组咽喉疼痛率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论右美托咪啶对全麻术后躁动和咽喉疼痛具有良好的预防作用,同时不会增加呼吸抑制的风险,值得在临床上推广应用。

Study on significance of application of dexmedetomidine in reducing agitation and throat pain in patients after general anesthesia.

Objective To explore the application value of dexmedetomidine in reducing agitation and throat pain after general anesthesia, in order to improve the safety of anesthesia. Methods A total of 114 patients underwent general anesthesia for operation in this hospital were selected for this study, they were divided by random number table method into observation group and control group, each with 57 cases. Patients in these two groups were used with same drug for general anesthesia, patients in observation group were given with intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine at half hour before the end of operation, while patients in control group were administrated with intravenous infusion of same volume of 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. The incidence rates of agitation, spontaneous breathing recovery time, extubation time and postoperative sore throat were compared between both groups. Results The restoration of spontaneous breathing time and extubation time had been compared between these two groups, the difference was not statistically significant （ P 〉0.05）. In postoperative agitation, 53 eases in observation group with grade 0, agitation rate was 7.02% ; and 34 patients in control group with grade 0, the agitation rate was 40.35%. Agitation in observation group was significandy lower than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In postoperative sore throat, 46 cases in observation group with grade 0, rate of throat pain was 19.30% ; and 30 cases in control group with grade 0, throat pain rate was 47.37%. The rate of throat pain in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine has a good preventive effect on agitation and throat pain after general anesthesia, and it also does not increase the risk of respiratory depression, hence it is worthy to be used for clinical application.