某轿车制造企业职业病危害现状分析与评价

目的通过分析某轿车制造企业的职业病危害现状，确定其职业病危害关键控制点，为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康检查、检查表分析法等对该轿车制造企业进行职业病危害现状评价。结果该企业生产过程中的主要职业病危害因素为化学毒物、粉尘、噪声、高温、电焊弧光和工频电场等。电焊工接触的二氧化锰浓度超标率为12．5％，喷漆工接触的甲苯和二甲苯浓度超标率均为7．1％，粉尘浓度超标率为10．6％，噪声强度超标率为44．1％，其他危害因素均低于职业接触限值。结论轿车制造企业职业病危害的防护应以职业危害关键控制岗位为重点，采取切实可行的职业病危害防护对策，减少或消除职业病危害的发生。

Analysis and assessment on current situation of occupational hazards in a carriage manufacture enterprise

Objective To analyze the current situation of occupational hazard and critical control points in a carriage manu- facture enterprise, and provide the evidence for making prevention measures of occupational diseases. Methods The meth- ods of occupational hygiene investigation, occupational hygiene measurement, medical examination and checklist were applied for assessment on current situation of occupational hazards. Results The main occupational hazard factors in the production process of the factory were chemical toxicants, dust, noise, high temperature, electric welding＇ s arc light and power frequency electric field. The rate exceeded occupational exposure limits about welding manganese dioxide was 12. 5%. The rates exceeded occupational exposure limits about toluene and xylene were 7. 1%. The rate exceeded occupa- tional exposure limits about dust and noise was 10. 6% and 44. 1%, respectively. Concentrations or intensities of other haz- ard factors were all below occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The prevention of occupational hazards in a carriage manufacture enterprise should be based on the critical control points, practical protective countermeasures on occupational hazards should be taken in order to reduce or eliminate the occupational hazards.