妊娠期糖尿病孕期处理95例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病的处理方法,以降低母儿并发症。方法:对1997年1月~2003年3月95例妊娠期糖尿病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:单纯饮食控制51例,占53.7％;饮食控制加胰岛素治疗44例,占46.3％。饮食控制加胰岛素治疗组孕妇的年龄、糖化血红蛋白、新生儿畸形率均明显高于单纯饮食控制组(P<0.05)。终止妊娠的孕周亦较单纯饮食控制组小(P<0.05)。≥35周行羊水泡沫试验共45例,其中9例阴性,占20.0％。35周以后终止妊娠者新生儿吸入性肺炎、缺氧缺血性脑病明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期糖尿病孕期应积极控制血糖,重视需胰岛素治疗患者的处理,检测胎肺成熟度,适时终止妊娠。

Management of 95 cases gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy

Objective: To study the management of gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy in order to decrease the maternal and perinatal complications. Methods: Data of 95 cases gestational diabetes mellitus were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 51 cases (53.7%) needed diet only while 44 cases (46.3%) needed diet plus insulin treatment. Maternal age, glycosylated hemoglobin, neonatal congenital malformation rate of the diet plus insulin group were higher than those of the diet group (P<0. 05 ) . Gestational age at birth was smaller in the diet plus insulin group (P<0. 05) . Among 45 cases accepting amniotic flued foam test with the gestational age reaching or larger than 35 weeks, 9 cases (20. 0%) showed negative result. The group delivered after 35 gestation weeks had fewer neonatal pneumonia, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (P<0. 05) .Conclusion: Improving glycemic control, paying more attention to insulin user, giving fetal lung maturity test and terminating gestation properly are suggested in gestational diabetes mellitus.