1736例PICC在预防化疗静脉炎中的护理研究

目的:探讨PICC(经外周静脉穿刺至中心静脉置管)在预防化疗静脉炎中的护理效果。方法:将在我科进行化疗的肿瘤患者1856例分成3组,其中采用PICC置管化疗共1736例(A组),采用颈外静脉留置针化疗(B组)及四肢静脉留置针化疗(C组)各60例,比较3组化疗后静脉炎的发生率。结果:A组、B组、C组发生静脉炎的病例数分别为24、3、8,静脉炎发生率分别为1.38%、5.00%、13.33%,A组的静脉炎发生率明显低于C组(P<0.001)。结论:PICC可有效地预防化疗静脉炎的发生,但置管前必须对影响置管成功的相关因素进行有效分析,留置期间须加强护理,以提高置管成功率,减少管道堵塞、管道脱出、局部及全身感染等并发症的出现。

Nursing study of peripherally inserted central catheters for preventing the phlebitis of chemotherapy in 1736 patients

Objective:To investigate the nursing effects of peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC) for preventing the phlebitis of chemotherapy.Methods:1856 patients with tumor by chemotherapy were divided into three groups.1736 cases was treated by chemotherapy with PICC(A group);60 cases with catheters indwelling external jugular vein(B group);and 60 cases with catheters indwelling limbs vein(C group).They were compared with phlebitis in three groups.Results:The incidence of phlebitis in A,B and C groups were 1.38%,5%,13.33%,respectively.The incidence of phlebitis in A group was very significantly lower than that in C groups(P<0.001).Conclusion:PICC can effectively prevent the phlebitis of chemotherapy.It is suggested that the correlative factors influencing the success of indwelling catheters are analyzed effectively,and nursing is enhanced to reduce the complications of tube obstruction and herniation,local or general infection.